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azeotropic distillation - translation to russian
![[[Phase diagram]](left) and [[process flow diagram]] (right) of an apparatus for the azeotropic distillation with "material separation agent". In this case the phase diagram includes a zone where components are not miscible, so following the condensation of the azeotrope, it is possible to separate the liquid components through [[decantation]].](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Azeotr distill.svg?width=200 "[[Phase diagram]](left) and [[process flow diagram]] (right) of an apparatus for the azeotropic distillation with \"material separation agent\". In this case the phase diagram includes a zone where components are not miscible, so following the condensation of the azeotrope, it is possible to separate the liquid components through [[decantation]].")
![A [[Dean–Stark apparatus]] is used in azeotropic drying or dehydration processes: 1 stirrer bar/anti-bumping granules, 2 still pot, 3 fractionating column, 4 thermometer/boiling point temperature, 5 condenser, 6 cooling water in, 7 cooling water out, 8 burette, 9 tap, 10 collection vessel](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Dean-Stark apparatus.svg?width=200 "A [[Dean–Stark apparatus]] is used in azeotropic drying or dehydration processes: 1 stirrer bar/anti-bumping granules, 2 still pot, 3 fractionating column, 4 thermometer/boiling point temperature, 5 condenser, 6 cooling water in, 7 cooling water out, 8 burette, 9 tap, 10 collection vessel")
нефтегазовая промышленность
азеотропная перегонка
.png?width=200 "Double azeotrope of benzene and hexafluorobenzene. Proportions are by weight.")
![Negative azeotrope – mixture of [[formic acid]] and water](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Negative Azeotrope.png?width=200 "Negative azeotrope – mixture of [[formic acid]] and water")
![Positive azeotrope – mixture of [[chloroform]] and [[methanol]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Positive Azeotrope.png?width=200 "Positive azeotrope – mixture of [[chloroform]] and [[methanol]]")
![Saddle azeotropic system Methanol/Acetone/Chloroform calculated with mod. [[UNIFAC]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Saddle Azeotrope.png?width=200 "Saddle azeotropic system Methanol/Acetone/Chloroform calculated with mod. [[UNIFAC]]")
общая лексика
азеотропный
нераздельнокипящий (о жидких смесях)
медицина
азеотропия
Definition
Wikipedia
In chemistry, azeotropic distillation is any of a range of techniques used to break an azeotrope in distillation. In chemical engineering, azeotropic distillation usually refers to the specific technique of adding another component to generate a new, lower-boiling azeotrope that is heterogeneous (e.g. producing two, immiscible liquid phases), such as the example below with the addition of benzene to water and ethanol.
This practice of adding an entrainer which forms a separate phase is a specific sub-set of (industrial) azeotropic distillation methods, or combination thereof. In some senses, adding an entrainer is similar to extractive distillation.
